Interpretation :: essays research papers

Humans are set apart from wholly another(prenominal) animals for one reason. We have the power of imagination and thus power to typify what we read. Therefore, we can argue that the written word is the most meaningful of all types of communication. It is valid to say that if ten people read a carry and were asked to retell the book in their own words that wed apprehend ten different versions of the same book. In todays society, our interpretations are feared. We might interpret eachthing contrary to the pens intentional meaning. The author could consequently possibly be liable for any actions we take later reading his works. father Quixote is one who consciously decides to interpret his books of valorousness as the right way of heart and concurrently decides to live his own life in that manner. I remember reading that a certain Spanish knight . . . having broken his sword in battle, tore a cracking bough or tree branch from an oak(69). Since simulate Quixote had read about this special(a) knight, he justifies it to himself that he too could also tear a limb from a tree and uses it as a makeshift lance. When Sancho asks if gain Quixote had any pain, he replies, I do not complain of the painbecause a knight errant is not allowed to complain of any wounds(69-70). Again, Don Quixote is leaving by a set of rules of chivalry that he obtained from his reading. At night, Don Quixote refuses to sleep but thought about his Lady Dulcinea, to conform to what he had read in his books about knight errants spending many lidless nights in the woodland and desert dwelling on the memory of their ladies(70). I do not believe that Don Quixote is mad, as some may say, but that he is only interpreting what he has read to reconcile him. If Don Quixote were a real human in todays society his family could very well sue the publishers of the books that he read, claiming that the books drove him to aberration and should not have been published. However, if all writt en works were feared in that context, then it is also a possible that all books are to be feared. This is shown when Don Quixotes niece helps a priest and a barber to burn Don Quixotes treasured books of chivalry. When the barber suggests that These do not deserve burning with the rest, because they do not and will not do the mischief those books of chivalry have done(61).

Mpio

SCM Is the management of a network of Interconnected businesses knotty In the ultimate provision of product and service packages required by end customers. Mall activities of SCM ar as follows Execution Control observe Leveraging worldwide logistics Synchronizing supply with demand and measuring deed globally.PLANNING On the basis of above functions HRS division will make a plan to hire a best candidate for pay, Marketing and yield chain. HRS follow different criteria for different department such(prenominal) as For Finance they require qualified person who can manage all social function of accounting, arranging cash and credit as well as he knows how to raise the fund. For marketing they require birthd candidate because who provide urinate new ideas, Focus on to sustain the brand and to monitor competitors activities in the competitive market.For Supply Chain candidate must have experience of Logistics, Channel Management, operations and Risk Management. Suggestion Gaston ( Minds. ) has to follow three get a line elements of the HRS planning process to achieve best fit between Jobs and employees. Elements are as follows Forecasting labor demand, Analyzing present labor supply, and Balancing communicate labor demand and supply. RECRUITMENT It is the overall process of attracting, selecting and appointing suitable candidates to a one or more Jobs within an organization.The term may sometimes be defined as incorporating activities which take place ahead of attracting people, such as defining the Job requirements and person specification. Recruitment can as well as refer to processes involved in choosing individuals for unpaid positions, such as voluntary roles or training programmed. Suggestions for Gaston (Minds) is in order to increase efficiency in hiring and retention and to ensure unanimity and compliance in the recruitment process, it is commended the avocation treads be followed (also refer to Staff Recruitment Checklist).Details for each st ep include the minimum recommended best practice to attract a intelligent and diverse applicant pool pure tone 1 Identify vacuity and Evaluate Need Step 2 Develop Position rendering Step 3 Develop Recruitment Plan Step 4 Finalize Recruitment Selection committees will consider all applications. The department uses a streamlined selection process and applications are rigorously light listed. Selection committees may then choose between a good turn of different assessment methods.These include, but are not limited to, contacting referees antecedent to assessment, making an assessment based on application and referee remark alone, conducting interviews, examining work samples and conducting performance tests which could be both written or practical. every(prenominal) selections and employment decisions for the department are based on merit. And to ensure consistency and compliance in the selection process, it is recommended the following steps be followed Step 1 Select Search C ommittee Step 2 slur Position and Implement Recruitment Plan Step 3 survey Applicants and Develop Short List Step 4 Conduct Interviews

Moni Lisa Smile Andralogical Model

Movie Moni Lisa Smiles cogitate to Andragogical Style of Teaching The image begins with Katherine Watson (Julia Roberts), in 1953, accepting an art account pick uping position at the prestigious New England school for women. She is a liberal and a feminist who was inspired to come to Wellesley to make a difference. after(prenominal) a semester of teaching a progressive, less conventional teaching style, she is given conditions by the alumni that, if she is to stay at Wellesley, she will teach the smudgelined syllabus and submit her lessons plans for prior approval.This adjoind the hard event traditionalistic style view that governed Wellesleys educators. The students were expected to mulct the textual matter. The executive director made the financial avouchment, You didnt come to Wellesley to help people stimulate their counsel you came to help people find your way. To comp are the air of the students in the film, Ill start on the low gear day of class the stude nts embarrass Ms. Watson, the instructor, in front of the class evaluator by knowing everything she had unsexd. The character, or teacher, unwrapmed to demonstrate two different developmental or behavioral positions.At the end of the movie, you find numerous assumptions of the andragogical puzzle. Ms. Watson appeared as a feminist who ref engrossd to f completely under the traditional directional objectives or educational theories. Therefore, she changes her educational instance or system to the andragogical style of teaching. This was a change from the generator of the movie when she soma one entered the schoolroom with the traditional power point. Thus according to Knowles (2011), she originally followed the pedagogical model. This model is clearly defined in The Adult Learner written by Knowles, Holton, and Swanson, 2011.It ex bolds the pedagogical model assigns the teacher full responsibility for make all purposes about what will be subscribe toed, how it will be learned, when it will be learned, and if it has to be learned (2011, p. 60). This is the style of teaching the administrative staff at Wellesley conceived to be the outmatch. Historically this model has been found to be less hard-hitting than the andragogical style for expectant learners who have specific educational needs. The assumption that the andragogical model is based on includes (Knowles, 2011 p. 63-67) Principals of teaching Knowles, 2011 p. 63-67) . The learners need to know. -The first task of Watson was to help the students vex assured of the need to know by making or demonstrating an talented case for the value of study by giving them the potential tools, thus improving the quality of their lives. As an educator her goal was to help them discover the gaps between where they were and where they wanted to be. She present that in that respect is much more(prenominal) to art that memorizing a textual matter. This was demonstrated best in the movie when she tal ked to Joan about pursuing practice of law school and seeking a go. 2. The learners self-concept. Educator Watson was fully aware the girls had arrived at the self-concept that they were more than capable of reading the book and memorizing the information as they had been previously taught in the past. Educator Watson was approached with resentment and resistance by the girls demonstrating they had previously read the text. The pose was, We know this so full let us go out in smoke and socialize. Watson was on top of the situation by sexual climax to the second class introducing hot thought stimulating ideas she utilized a power point presentation that included a picture of Soutines Carcass. She presented several other power points of art non found in the text and challenged the students to transition from being dependent learners, to think outside the box, transitioning and change state self-directing learners. She as well as challenged them to become more than the trad itional art students. Katherine tries to get the students to verbal expression for ideas by a metaphorical demonstration in the paint-by-numbers of the Van Gough exposure Sunflowers, in which the whole class in this scene paints their witness video individually. 3. The role of the learners experiences. Educator Watson took teaching to another aim by utilizing different cultivation strategies. She loved group discussions, problem declaration and simulation exercises. She taught the importance of art related to individual mien and the students demonstrated their knowledge of this by each painting their own sunflower portrait. This was a demonstration of the role of the learners experience. With this example, she afforded their minds to new approaches, come on expression of values, sensitivity training, and mediation through self-expression of art.She took them to her place where she had a sight of various artists that included modern to historical portraits. 4. The readine ss to learn. -Ms. Watsons new andragogical approach and thought provoking ideas stimulated a readiness to learn that changed from the original post in the first class. The girls with high expectations and obvious intellectual history became excited and ready to learn. The new approaches used by Watson changed the attitude toward the non-ivy league teacher. She advance them to use their experiences and valued their ideas and accepted them as people. . The orientation course to schooling. -Watsons education style included real-life situations, and she taught them how art could help them to mint with problems. She used her in the flesh(predicate) history and collection to explain the importance of expression. She challenged their minds to test paintings and to paint for pleasure and therapeutic and social interactions. Watson wins them over when she introduces paintings not in the text, encouraging thought provoking ideas that really stimulated the minds of these students. . The motivation to learn. -Watson was an fine motivator in the film. She never let the girls think for once that just memorization of a book was acceptable. She encouraged learning to go to a higher place the ideas of tradition. (Again with the example of Soutines Carcass and more) She motivated them to keep learning and encouraged them to be career oriented. Several times she told the students that they could be the housewife of their dreams, exactly to look at further education to fulfill their career dreams.When you look at the movie and the leading students, you pull in at first they refuse to go along with the free thinking ideas and they think the textbook contains everything they need to know. Katherine is appalled at the fact that they actually think of their education as a way to pass their time until they are get hitched with. The behavior of three main students include Giselle Levy (Maggie Gyllenhaal), the student that in the beginning of the movie abruptly spoke out and said, Were a remote cry from Oakland, in a snotty tone. She appeared to represent the class attitude.She appears to also be the most self-destructive of the students and does not seem to confront Watsons ideas like the other two. She displayed a characteristic most would look at as being promiscuous the film displayed her behavior as being the most feminist and she was exhibited as a student who liked to take hold men with her body, leading you to believe she traded sex for favors and sometimes just plain fun. The second student, Elizabeth (Betty) Warren (Kirsten Dunst), whose mother is the head of the alumni, heads up the editorials for the school newspaper.Her pastelike description of Ms. Watsons roommate gets her fired. She is a malicious gossip that utilized her editorials like a knife to publicly downgrade others and doesnt combine with Watsons feminist ideas. This conflict of ideas is presented during the movie they had m whatsoever heated discussions. Betty strongly bel ieved in the popular cultural idea that the womans place was in the home. Wellesley College, a prestigious New England womens school, expected you to memorize course contents much like the pedagogical model or supposition of adult model of learning.The women of that day attended prestigious schools expecting to prepare to become superb mothers, with the ultimate goal to take care of their husbands, still the elite males, and be home to care for the children. The third actor is Joan Brandwyn (Julia Stiles), who appears to be very open to the suggestion of Watson to pursue her dreams of attending law school. She struggles with the social expectations of a woman in the 1950s, to marry and have children, which were glorified as the ultimate prestigious goal.She is actually given a C on an assignment and goes to visit Ms. Watson when she is asked, What is your plan after graduating? Just for fun, questioned Watson, if you could go to any law school in the country, which school would it be? Joan told her Yale and explained Yale leaves five slots open for women and one of those five slots is for a Wellesley girl. Watson gets her an application, which she submits, and to her amazement she is accepted. She makes the decision in the movie to get married, and Ms.Watson continues to educate her that she can do both and ultimately gives her a plan on how she can be married and go to school. Watson pushes her students not to settle for the lifestyle of a housewife, still have career oriented goals. To analyze the role of the teacher promoting the conditions of learning, according to Knowles, is to look at the learning environment, not only the physical environment, but the mutual commit, respect, helpfulness, including freedom of expression and the acceptance of differences (2011, p. 92-93).The students must perceive the goals of the learning experience as their own goals. Educator Watson developed mutual trust and respect with the students. She demonstrated this in the movie when they decided they wanted her to be included in a social event. At the girls social, she was encouraged to drink alcoholic beverages and answer personal questions about her private affairs with men. She was open, honest and interacted with them, makeing a trust and demonstrating and expressing her commitment to teaching to make a difference.She again encouraged education to be a career building tool and iterated the goals of learning needed to be their career goals. She encouraged planning and commitment toward these goals in the movie, especially in one example where she actually got an application for Betty to Yale law school. According to our text, in review of the theories applied, Malcolm Knowles first introduced the andragogy concept or theory as an honest attempt to focus on the learner (2011 p. 2). The strong suit of andragogy is the fact that its six core adult learning principles can establish to all learning situations (2011 p. ). It is a transactional m odel that enables those designing and conducting learning to build more effective learning processes (Knowles, 2011 p. 2). Knowles iterates the andragogy concept, when applied properly, will do everything feasible to ensure the learner takes part in their learning process. This theory is best for the adult learner as their needs and capacity to learn are fully developed. We can utilize our experience and the fact that we have become responsible workers and learners.The pedagogical model assigns to the teacher the full responsibility for making all decision about what will be learned, how, and when it will be learned (Knowles 2011 p. 60). This model leaves to the learner the submissive role of following book of instructions and memorization. The characteristics of the prestigious Wellesley College for woman in 1953 included a satirical review of stuffy attitudes of the alumni and electric pig. They had rigid rules and goals for the students. At the top of the list was getting marr ied and college was just a place to go until that happened.Furthermore, Katherine Watson, a feminist teacher from California, whose unconventional adult teaching style was acquired from Berkeley, was shocked to learn that students viewed their education as a prerequisite for getting married. The progressive thinking taught in California was not accepted well by the staff at Wellesley. The new teachers class is hit and the students enrollment in her class increased, but the strict rules and guidelines put in place by Wellesley were not clear to swallow by Katherine who came to make a difference. It was obvious the institution and the educator were in conflict.At the close of the movie, Katherine decides to leave and go to Europe. Betty dedicates an editorial to her teacher claiming that Katherine is an bizarre woman who lived by example and compelled us all to see the world through new eyes. As the movie ends, the students follow the taxi Katherine is in on their bicycles. Betty seems to be struggling and peddling the hardest as if to thank her for ever-changing her life. If I was in the educational environment in the movie, I would promote learning by utilizing the framework of the six principals displayed by Knowles.The first graduation in acceptance of administration is to make them an active part of decision making when her new syllabus was created. As the teacher, I would empower administration with Knowles ideas and let them see my new ideas through his ideas and history. They certainly seem to have that they must have the upper hand and make decisions and this would give the agree feature they appear to need. Historically Knowles has proven himself. In the 1950s he was the Executive Director of the Adult Education Association of the United States of the States (Smith, 2002 p. 1-13).He had already published his first textbook that was a guide for educators and this textbook was followed by many more. If administration wanted to stay the prestigious college of the nation, they would realize it was time for change. According to the article by Smith, Knowles was responsible for a number of important firsts he was the first to chart the rise of the adult education movement in the United States, the first to develop a statement of informal adult education practice, the first to develop a statement of informal adult education practice, and the first to attempt a comprehensive theory of adult education via the notion of andragogy) (Jarvis, 1987 p. 185). I firmly believe the administrative staff may need some education and redirection. After all, they are one of the most prestigious schools in the nation. I cannot see administration accepting to follow a less than the best for their girls, wives and futurity mothers. I am sure it would take patience and persistence. But if you look at the principles listed above and included the administration and persistently made them aware of the need to change to keep up with the educational po litical pecking order you would slowly make a difference.Empowerment often promotes change and Knowles was the drawing card in adult education of the 1950s. When you review this film and similar films, it helps you drudge the contemporary and historic constraints imposed on teachers and the contexts of dealing with alumni and administration. I had never really thought about the politics and social involvement of schools and teachers in the past and I can see what a dilemma it could create. I loved the movie and watched it more than once. I plan to purchase it to use for future educational reference.I can see that schools are sites of politics and culture, but as educators we must provoke the expression of students future identities and possibilities. References Knowles, M. S. , Holton, E. F. , & Swanson, R. A. , (2011). The adult learner. (7th ed. ). Amsterdam Elsevier Inc. (Part I, Chapters 1-6). Smith, M. K. (2002) Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education, self-direction and andragogy, The encyclopedia of informal education, Retrieved from www. infed. org/thinkers/et-knowl. htm. picture Source Page http//web. utk. edu/start6/knowles/malcolm_knowles. html

Employee Relations Activities

Employee trade ining activities be those whose objective is to create an atmosphere of trust, respect and cooperation. The typically objective is to provide an atmosphere in which all employees burn down accomplish their jobs to the best of their abilities and creatively contribute to the organization.All Human resources decisions should by destination directed. Consequently, employee dealings activities should be designed and managed to help achieve specific objectives. Employee dealing activities affect efficiency, in that potential reasons for performance problems are confronted and help is offered to exterminate them. When the problem is an individual employees behavior, employee assistance and encroach resolution carcass seek constructive solutions. If the problem is the organizations behavior, employee management committees or other two way conversation forums mickle identify practical changes that will remove the problem.Much employee relations is designed to s end the inwardness that the organization is a concerned institution that will help protect, assists, and deal fairly with all it members.The typical decisions that managers face in designing employee relations programs includeCommunication How best can we convey our philosophy to employees and rob their opinions/suggestions on work issues?Protection Are there aspects of the workplace that venture the wellbeing of employees?Assistance How shall we respond to special needs of specific employees?Cooperation To what fulfilment should decision making and control be shared?Discipline and conflict How shall we deal with it?An employee handbook is a necessary part of communication an employee relations program. The handbook sets out the rules and policies within which employees and managers mustiness operate. How the organization sets wages, allocates training, and promotions opportunities, what services it provides, and what it contain from employees is discussed in the handbook . Obviously, merely writing a handbook is not enough. It must by continuously updated, publicized to employees, and supervisors must be thoroughly well-known(prenominal) whit it, since they are the ones who translate policy into action. Handbook provide communication in only one direction.Many organizations have formats for providing communication from employees to supervisors and managers. These can range from speak up and open door policies, work profit suggestions systems, to sensing sessions, opinion surveys, or conflict resolution procedures. Unfortunately, there is distinguish that there is a growing communications gap between employees and solve management. Messages that managers think they are sending arent being received by employees.Every managers and employee wants a healthy and safe work environment. Pr correcttion programs instruct many forms. They include redesigning jobs to diminish hazardous conditions, conducting, safety training programs, even offering pay b onuses for good safety records.Safety hazard are those aspects of the work environment, which have the potential for immediate and sometimes violent suffering to employee. Examples are lost of hearing, or eyesight, cuts, sprains, bruises, broken bones, burns and electric shock.wellness hazard are those aspects of the work environment that slowly and cumulatively whizz to deterioration of an employees health. Typical causes include physical and biological hazards, cyanogenic and cancer causing dusts and chemicals, and stressful working conditions.Many of the policies and programs discussed in this chapter can go a long way to prevent discipline issues from arising. prevention should be the objective of all organizations. However, when problems arise, having procedures in place to deal with ravishment can help safeguard the rights of all concerned. There are quaternary elements to assure adherence to generally acceptable work rules of such a system.

Promote good practice in the support of individuals Essay

1. Understand how the different and evolving theories smashed autism reflect the complexity of sick spectrum retards Autism is a spiritednesslong climb upmental disability that affects how a person communicates with, and relates to, separate pile. It besides affects how they make sense of the world around them. It is a spectrum condition, which promoter that, while each(prenominal) quite a little with autism sh are certain difficulties, their condition provide affect them in different ways. Some people with autism are able to live relatively independent lives but advance(prenominal)(a)s whitethorn direct sequential learning disabilities and need a life cartridge holder of specialist reenforcement. People with autism whitethorn as easy experience over- or under-sensitivity to sounds, touch, tastes, smells, light or colours. Asperger syndrome is a take form of autism. People with Asperger syndrome are often of mediocre or above average intelligence.They take h old fewer problems with speech but may still have difficulties with disposition and processing language. Some people live with autism for their entire life without ever getting a formal diagnosing. Often this is simply because autism wasnt widely known or understood when they were growing up. For adults, a diagnosis of autism can help to explain why they have always make certain things difficult. For fryren, it can mean that the right computer backup is rove in place from an early age. Autism has been described as a hidden or invisible disability. Although historically associated with intellectual disability, it is now thought that most people with ASC will be within the normal aver of IQ. Whatever the recording label used, the complexity of the ill spectrum often renders it easier to misunderstand than it is to recognise. These difficulties, which can make get to to services problematic, are further complicated by the generic constitution of m whatever(prenominal) service s and the fragmented way they quite a little and respond to ASC. As a setting we deal with m each CYP with ASC, we accommodate these CYP as due(p) to the high aim of violence and behaviour difficulties they display ASC units or Schools for CYP with particularised Learning Difficulties can non or will not accommodate them.We support our CYP on the ASD spectrum and Aspergers syndrome to help them achieve their full potential. This is because we have a actually super experienced and motivated squad. As a staff team we have outside agencies much(prenominal) as the National Autistic fraternity and NEAS. We also have involvement from the local authority learning support staff that has worked closely with the CYP with ill spectrum condition prior to them coming to us, these thus come into our setting to give us the big picture on these CYP coming to our setting. These support staff are able to give us a clear picture of the unavoidably and the history of these CYP before th ey flip our setting. This enables us the bet there require, and make the transition from others schools and settings run smoothly. We also visit the CYP in their own environment as this gives them an opportunity to meet us in a setting in which they know and belief comfortable in. One of the most important points to understand about autistic spectrum conditions is that each CYP on the autism spectrum is an psyche with their own unique characteristics. CYP with autistic spectrum conditions pull up stakes enormously in their abilities, needs, strengths, gifts, preferences and interests. No two individuals with a diagnosis of an autistic spectrum condition are the same, so it is essential not to make any assumptions about them. Autistic assignment causes and theories.Many causes of autism have been proposed, but understanding of the theory of causation of autism and the other autism spectrum disorders is incomplete. The heritability of autism is complex and it is typically unclea r which genes are responsible. In rare cases, autism is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defects. Many other causes have been proposed, such as childhood immunizations, but numerous clinical studies have shown no scientific evidence supporting any impinging between vaccinations and autism.Autism spectrum conditions are present from birth or actually early in life. They include childhood autism, Aspergers syndrome, a typical autism and PDD unspecified. In devote many of these conditions may overlap with other disorders such as ADHD and affecting more boys than girls. Within my setting most CYP on the ASC spectrum have other conditions many quite complex. Other conditions are such as ADHD, ODD, conduct disorder, speech and language difficulties and Tourettes syndrome. In practice although the prevalence in girls is said to be underestimated, these conditions are characterised by world-shattering impairments in instinctive loving behaviour, communicating and a  restricted or repetitive repertoire of behaviours and interests.These core features will affect the persons ability to anticipate the thoughts and actions of others and predict sidereal day-to-day outcomes on the basis of ordinarily occurring genial cues. This privation of ability to anticipate and predict leads to high trains of try out within our CYP and they have difficulties in relating to others. much(prenominal) difficulties may be accompanied by other neurological or psychiatric conditions that impact on behaviour and functioning and also on access to services and support. Such conditions include, disorders affecting stunning processing, anxiety, depression and mood, seizures and other medical problems.Autism has a range of diagnostic criteria. This was described by Wing and Gould (1979) as the Triad of Impairments. The tether consists of Problems with social interactionsDifficulties understanding and using non-verbal conferences Stands to close to people unwitting of different ways to interact with peopleDifficulties initiating and maintaining conversationsInappropriate touchingProblems with communicationAsks repetitive questions.Absence of a desire to communicate.Communicates for own needs, rather than social engagementOwn interest based.May be non-verbal, or slow speech.Problems with imaginationDoes not understand other peoples thoughts or receiveings lack of Theory of Mind Does not like change in routines.Special or rivetsed interests.Literal thinking.In additional to the trinity areas of the triad there are also associated difficulties. These include Sensory difficultiesThis may include hypersensitivities (over-sensitive) or hypersensitivities (under-sensitive). Mood disturbances linked to the triadAnxiety antagonismDepressionAs there is an array of criteria within the impairments and associated difficulties the disorder is considered a spectrum condition. For individuals considered on the higher end of the spectrum the individual may have better, learnt social communication and interaction skills, whereas those on the lower end of the spectrum may have significantly delayed communication skills, including a lack of language. As discussed above, sensory and perceptual difficulties are highly common amongst individuals with ASC. These include both hyper- and hypo-sensitivities. larn table 1.12 .Be able to promote to others positive communication strategies for individuals with an autistic spectrum condition. Autism is a varied and complex disorder which can affect individuals in a number of ways. ASC affects not only the individual with the diagnosis, but their integral family parents, siblings and others close to them. Below are examples of how ASC can affect different peopleIndividual diagnosed with ASC. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Conditions lives are affected by a wide range of factors including difficulties with communication, social interactions, sensory difficulties, flexibility. This impacts si gnificantly on normal functioning, whereby an individual may not be able to communicate their needs effectively, may have difficulty in social situations, may welcome eachday sensory input distressing , and changes in everyday life difficult to deal with, which then increases there anxiety level. As a setting we set out an action plan directed to every CYPs individual needs, both in the school setting and residential setting. Each class/staff team have a replicate of the plan and this helps us to deal with the individual needs of each CYP.This enables us to prevent the CYP getting too anxious or distressed in situations. In the case of one of our CYP with communication difficulties, and also has autistic spectrum condition the action plan is a key concept in the day to day education and understanding for the young person involved, and also professionals and peers . If the CYP is not understood because of language barriers he becomes extremely frustrated and this has a evil effect on his behaviour. He will then display very disruptive and dangerous behaviour. We also use things like feelings cards so that the individual can express how they feel, rather than them get frustrated or get to a point and then become anxious.When looking at how an individual on the autism spectrum are impacted within their lives it is important to look at the impact of factors such as gender, ethnicity, social, cultural and religious influences. For example, those from an Indian culture are very nurturing with family members with disabilities and autism. This means that the individuals need are met only there is not inescapably any progression or growth. In another example, those from an Orthodox Jewish religious background can feel that having a person with autism in the family is shameful and as a consequent the individual is hidden from the wider community, this results in a lack of development with the individual with ASC. What further compounds difficulties for thos e with ASC are stereotyped views, discrimination and lack of understanding about the autism spectrum condition.The media play a major role in promoting these misunderstandings. For example in that location is a misunderstanding around the challenging behaviour associated with autism due to the communication and sensory difficulties in autism. In younger children it is often just seen as bad behaviour which should be controlled by the parents and the underlying causes are not fully understood. Due to the Film Rain Man featuring Dustin Hoffman as an autistic man, many people who have seen the film have the perception that he is a typical person on the autism spectrum and that this is a true reflection. Although Dustin Hoffmans character does have autism he also has savant syndrome which does not necessarily come hand-in-hand with autism (although 50% of savants also have ASC). Parents of individuals on the autism spectrum have their lives highly impacted upon due to their CYPs condit ion, to delay that a high level of observation is maintained to ensure their childs safety, which can put huge strain and demand on them. Siblings of those with ASC can also be affected in their everyday lives due to the need of their siblings.Due to parents having to focus on the sibling with ASC, siblings can often feel jealous or left out due to not having much attention. They may also feel restricted due to the changes mandatory to meet the needs of their ASC sibling. Others close to those on the autism spectrum can have their everyday lives affected due to the changes required for the individual with ASC. This may be aunts and uncles or grandparents, whom try to give parents a break by looking after the CYP with autism or giving time and attention to siblings of the affected CYP.* Focus on children there is an over vehemence on children on the autism spectrum leading to a belief that the condition is child orientated and not a life-long disorder. This disadvantages those adults on the spectrum due to a lack of general understanding or awareness of the condition in adults on the autism spectrum. In supporting understanding about the condition, it is important to ensure that all involved are aware and understand the autism spectrum condition. It is important to assess the level of comprehension and cognition of the individual with ASC and then focus the information communion about ASC at individuals level of understanding. It is important to ensure that parents, dors and siblings are well informed about their childrens/siblings condition.After any review meeting or 6 weekly reviews we inform parents and carers of any progress made or any extra support that needs to be put in to place for our CYP. This is in order to ensure that they are aware of the support needs and intervention strategies to help develop an ASC individual. Further, it is very important to ensure that if an individual with ASC is within a care setting to keep parents and family in formed of development so they can support this. Without the ongoing knowledge of the CYPs progression they will still view their child as being at the same stage of development as they were when they went into the residential setting and as such not be able to support the ongoing development. 654 /

Village Election and Corruption

Village preference and Corruption in China Background ( task) In China,the choice ar vomitment refers to the pick of deputies to the peoples congresses at various levels, which includes general topical anesthetic pick and the election of deputies from the armed forces, in the special administrative regions. at that place be two kinds of election direct election and indirect election. 1. indicate election heart and soul voters directly elect deputies to the peoples congresses by casting their votes.Direct elections are applicable to the election of deputies to the peoples congresses of the counties, districts, townships and towns, which Chinas authoritarian(the lead of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)) regime has al starting timeed, encouraged, and required to be held at the colony level,but non at higher levels. 2. Indirect election means deputies to the peoples congresses at the next higher level are elected by deputies to the peoples congresses at the next pull down level.Indirect elections are applicable to the election of deputies to peoples congresses above the county level and deputies among the armed forces at the same level and deputies to the NPC(National Peoples Congress) elected from special administrative regions. In this essay, I leave behind focus on the direct election( broken town election). Since the problem of corruption in the village election is very common in China,such as demoralizeing-votes, treating to dinner to persuade by promising occult goods and so on. Mainly comes from the follo get aheadg aspects 1. In a small electorate, campaigning is non an effective strategy to win an election.In contrast, vote purchasecorruption passel considerably be an effective means to win an election with a small electorate. A Chinese village is small enough a community for each villager to know all the other villagers in someone as they interact with each other on a effortless basis and voters may already know whether the pro gnosis has the intention and business leader to provide public goods, which could become the condition of perfect information, in other words,in a village election, voters and candidates know each other personally, and voters may easily acquire personal information about the candidates.Therefore, because under the conditions of perfect information, it is not comprisely for a candidate to seek office by treating a subset of the electorate to dinner or to give private goods to voters. On the other hand, it is relatively costly to attempt to sway voters by stating policy proposals that promise the provision of public goods for the whole electorate. 2.In China village elections, officials in the position of monitor village elections do not have a strong motivator to regulate the elections because implementation of fair village elections is not considered an important meter for the evaluation of local officials by higher authorities (Edin 2003 OBrien and Li 1999 but Kennedy 2007) . 3. the cost of punishment for the corrupt act of buying votes is low in the case of Chinas village elections.Even with positive rules stipulating grievous punishment, if people do not believe that cases of corruption are revealed and formal rules are enforced, the punishment will not be considered a cost of the illegal act and will not deter it (Tsebelis 1989). Therefore, it is not perplex that candidates compete to buy votes by providing private goods in campaigns for Chinese village elections. Model setting The model describes the electoral competition between two candidates as a noncooperative simultaneous-move game.In the model, two candidates compete to win an election,and at equilibriums, electoral competition would increase the probability of vote buying in electorate. In other words, electoral competition gives strong incentives for candidates to buy votes, but not to form an organization for mobilizing votes in a electorate. 1. The Candidates Choice of Strategies and Payoffs Assume 1. If some(prenominal) candidates adopt the same strategy, Candidate 1 will have a chance to win the election with the probability of p and Candidate 2 will have a chance to win the election with the probability of 1 p (0 &lt p &lt 1).And we let 0 &lt p ? 0. 5,which means the candidate 1 is weaker. 2. if one candidate buys votes while the other candidate does not,the candidate that has bought votes will win. Utility The gain of the candidate gaining from lovely the election is denoted U (U &gt 0). Strategies Each candidate has two strategies buying votes (BV) and not buying votes (NBV). Cost of buying votes (C) the times of the cost to buy one vote (? ) and the number of votes needed to buy (V). C= ?V suppose that C1&gtC2 (the cost of buying votes to win is higher as the candidate is weaker. ) Competitivenesswe can define the battle of an election as the difficulty with which one can predict who will win, the election whose value of p is closer to 0. 5 will be considered to a greater extent competitive. candidate2 Buying votes candidate1 Buying votes Not buying votes (pU-C1), (1-p)U-C2 0, U-C2 Not buying votes U-C1, pU, 0 (1-p)U The matrix in shows the incentives affecting candidates in a village election. . Solution of the model Since assume that 0 &lt p? 0. 5 and assume without loss of generality that Candidate 1 is weaker. Candidates 1 and 2 must choose their strategies simultaneously. Thus, neither candidate is certain about which strategy the other candidate will take. (BV, BV) will be equilibrium if U? C1/p (NBV, BV) will be equilibrium if C1/p? U? C2/p (NBV, NBV) will be equilibrium if U? C1/p (BV, NBV) can not be equilibrium, since we can not find any U that satisfies U? C1/(1-p) and U?C2/(1-p) as well. Because C1/(1-p)? C2/(1-p). As an election becomes more(prenominal) competitive(p is closer to 0. 5),the range where at least one candidate always buys votes,U? C2/p is larger. that as p is larger,the range where neither candidate buy votes,U? C1/p is smaller. Overall, candidates are more likely to choose the strategy of buying votes as an election becomes more competitive. In the villages where each candidates expected value of winning an election is high, the candidate is tempted to buy votes.Proposal Would electoral competition prevent a corrupt candidate from being elected? From the model, we can see, candidates are more likely to choose the strategy of buying votes as an election becomes more competitive, which may generate the following new hypothesis effective loose institutions would make it easier for villagers to reach a pre-electoral consensus, make a village election less competitive, and give candidates less incentive to promise the provision of private goods.How to reach a pre-electoral consensus? Since a Chinese village is enough small that could lead to relationship system in village. In multi- family relationship villages, whether pre-electoral consensus is reached and hen ce an election is not corrupt would depend on the relationship among kinship leaders.If the kinship leaders are in conflict, villagers would fail to reach pre-electoral consensus, an election would be competitive, vote buying would be more likely meanwhile, if relations among kinship leaders are cooperative, the village would succeed in reaching pre-electoral consensus, an election would not be competitive, vote buying would be less likely, and public goods would be properly provided. Therefore,how to prevent a vote-buying candidate from getting elected is a major policy question for Chinas village elections.

Physical Networking Essay

When installing a cabling system there argon a arrive of factors that come into play. Choosing the appropriate LAN device, cost of the whole job which is a major factor, and device inter links. Knowing your codes atomic number 18 very important as well.When it comes to choosing the appropriate LAN device this is extremely important. Choosing the right router plays a part, approximately routers only work with certain types of operation systems. Choosing the right switch is important. You would desire to choose a switch that has a mixture of both UTP and fiber ports. People sometimes routers depending on their price or speed.Cost are determined by the type of LAN and WAN networks you are assay to setup when setting up a network you need to sell 4 physical areas. Work area, telecommunications room, lynchpin cabling, and distribution cabling. Work areas are locations devoted to end devices used by individual users. Telecommunications room is where connection to intermediary devic es take place. Horizontal cabling connects the telecommunications rooms with the work areas. While backbone cabling is used to connect the telecommunications rooms to the equipment rooms, where the servers are often located. If you dont know the fire codes when it comes to wiring you shouldnt be installing or attempting to even make wires for the network you are developing. (Cabling and be after Networks, 2015)Works CitedCabling and Planning Networks. (2015, January 25). Retrieved from High Tech http//www.hightech.net

Hope by Emily Dickinson Essay

Can you imagine life with out believe?I prize Emily Dickinson may have use bank a lot in her life and thats wherefore she wrote this wonderful poesy, to beatify those without motive to give them a perspective from a beautiful tinkers dam that desire can change your life in both sort you ideate it.I choose to analyze the famous verse form entrust by Emily Dickinson, Such an interesting and mysterious poet she lived her entire life in Amherst, Massachusetts, only two of her poems where published in her life time, she died in 1886, she was neer married and live most of her life as a recluse.In this poem Dickinson uses visualizery and metaphors to describe, look forward to is the thing with feathers.Stanza OneIn the poem hope is the thing with feathers by Emily Dickinson, I love how Dickson compared the idea of hope as a razzing or feather I think the feather symbolizes freedom as in with hope you can vanish away and be free, it examines the ideas of hope as a free sp irit. She uses an notional metaphor to describe why hope is the thing with feathers.In the first of alone direct contrast she uses a bird to create a clear image of a free spirit, a bird flying freely stretchiness what perpetually it wants, by using hope as a bird this metaphor is saying if you have hope you can fly to where ever it is you dream of. By giving hope feathers it gives the reader an idea or illusion of hope flying freely. By hope having feathers it is akin a free home, flying to a new place.In the second business enterprise that says That perches in the soul I believe she means the hope comes from the spirit, from precise deep down in your heart. She is using some other metaphor comparison a bird sitting on its perch, as our spirit is or where hope sits.In the third line where Dickinson speaks of singing a telephone line without words, that never stops at all, I fill the stock as being hope, that the bird is continuously singing its praise of hope point without knowing the words or the meaning of the song, giving us all hope that tear down if we dont know the song or the words we too can sing a song of hope. culmination the first stanza with and never stops at all cover that this song is never ending and available to all, it never stops.Stanza TwoAnd sweetest in the gale is hear tells of the birds song as the sweetest of all songs, And sore must be the surprise showing that when we train hope the most, through the worst of lifes storms, we can still hear that sweet song of hope.In line seven Dickinson shows that without hope we could be crushed by the storm, again showing a metaphor. I believe it means that without hope you would be without wings, no way to soar above your conflicts or hope of escaping, without hope its like you have a broken wing and cannot fly anywhere.The antagonist of the poem is the one who could abash the little bird, taking away all hope, representing problems of the mankind the negativity, stress, fina ncial, relationship difficultys of passing(a) life, being the hammer perambulator down on us, causing pain and discomfort.In line eightsome that says That kept so many warm means that hope has brought slew through a lot of things, through the cold and hurtful times. commit is like a blanket in the winter you use up it to wait warm without it you forget freeze to death.Stanza ThreeBy Dickinson saying Ive heard it in the chilliest lands I see this as yet another reason to have hope and that hope is obtainable in even the chilliest of lands, continuing with And on the strangest sea that hope can reach any distance.As Dickinson ends her poem with Yet, never, in extremity, it asked a crumb of me. Dickinson shows us hope is free it doesnt coast a thing, that it comes from within, not at a store or a mall, hope is what you make it, it dose not run away from you, its there when ever you need or want it, you dont need money to use it, all you need is the right mind set then you can j ust bear off it out of your pocket and use it whenever you need it, its that simple.As you can see hope is the only thing you need, fear is the opposite. Hope doesnt bell anything, all you need is a little faith and all your dreams will come true, hope is a free gift so why not use it every second of every day. Hope is used in even the saddest places to make them happier. The poorest person with hope is happier than the richest without hope. Some of the richest community used hope to get where they are now with just a little bit of faith and hope, that is all you will ever need in life, because it provides you with everything you will ever need.Hope exists for everyone there is not one-person(prenominal) that cant use hope. I use hope everyday and Im extremely happy. If you have hope you can fly to your dreams in life, for example when we were all little someone asked us what we valued to be when we grow up and no matter what that kid say he or she didnt have a doubt in their mind that they were not going to be what they dreamed but as we get older we start to loose hope and focus more on reality. But the Dickinson shows us how to escape reality and dream a little. I think every one should use hope and read hope is the thing with feathers because it may cause you to see hope every day of your life and change your life forever.

Examine what is meant by situation ethics Essay

Joseph Fletcher an Anglican theologian was the chief(prenominal) person to ch whollyenge the view that good motive and godliness have to be based around honors and rules. He developed three styles of devising moral closings, these were1. The antinomian flair2.The legalistic valetner3. The steadal wayThe antinomian way was a way of reservation decisions without any fairnesss or rulers. It is what feels office at that peculiar(prenominal) time and on no bases whatsoever, only on how it feels to you. This was excessively where existentialism arose. Existentialism existence a regulation developed by a 19th century Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard. His supposition was that the outperform way to murder decisions was for from distri hardlyively one individual to discern their own unique bases for morality the plungeation for his argument was that no objective or rational bases could be grounded in moral decisions. So the antinomian come out is wherefore that in every existential moment or unique event the place itself provides the ethical solution.The legalistic set about being at the former(a) force out of the scale. This is a way of making decisions with regard to laws or rules. The legalist will live their intent in accordance with a set of guidelines or rules. For recitation Jews will place upright by the rules of the Torah and make their decisions primarily from this source. Joseph Fletcher suggested a third way of making moral decisions and this was called the situational way, which consists of a compromise between antinomianism and legalism. In the situational approach every decision is make on one universal principle and that is applaud.In situation moral philosophy his view was to look at each situation individually. His main line of argument was that the only moral principle that could be app hypocrisyd to all situations is that of eff, orTo do whatever is the some lovely thing. (Fletcher quoted by Jenkins, Ethics and religion p47). Whereas Natural law theorists aim what the law states, Fletcher asks what is the best realistic decision to help others and provide hunch over in doing so. thitherfore in his view this is non a law in itself, and its not dictating what should be done in any particular situation but rather an approach that informs moral choice. In other words you should forever and a day have someones best engagement at heart.Another one of Fletchers arguments was that Christians argon meant to bonk and c ar for each other and God is as well as portrayed to be all-loving. As this is the oddball for Christians shouldnt morality also be based around this theory to do the al some loving thing? The Christian perspective equivalent many other religions is based around the idea of born(p) law. The earthy law ethic arose in the 4th century BCE by Aristotle. The Christian theologian and philosopher Thomas Aquinas further developed the ideas first effect forward by Aristotle. He argued that the natural purpose of the world is found in God. He outlined natural law in the following(a) way by suggesting that all deal should follow the law of God. He also believed that Human purpose was to re nominate, to learn, to live harmoniously in order of magnitude and to worship God. (Jenkins p26, quoted by www.faithnet.freeserve.co.uk/situation_ ethics.htm).His ultimate belief was that Natural law describes not only how things argon, but also how they ought to be furthermore this happens when things fulfil their natural purpose. Natural law is only c oncerned with what seems to be the natural human body of procedureion for humans to take and this is where the conflict arises with situation ethics. There atomic number 18 many terms where what appears to be natural doesnt appear to be loving. This is why theologians such as Joseph Fletcher dont tick off with the natural law ethic as it causes much controversy. For typesetters case the Catholic Church undertoo k the natural law approach to guide them in footing of their sexual behaviour. They saw the natural purpose for sexual intercourse to be procreation, so at that placefore anything that proves to be a barrier to this end conduct is not allowed i.e. contraception.When developing an approach to point ethics Fletcher suggested 4 running(a) principles and 6 fundamental principles to outline his ideas. The 4 pull ining principles be1.Pragmatism- being ideas and theories that have to work in practice, to be right of good it has to produce a desirable outcome that satisfies savours demand. The main emphasis is that the practical course of the action should be motivated by love.2.Relativism- To be relative, on has to be relative to something, as situation ethics maintains it has to have-to doe with to love and should forever respond to love in each situation. Fletcher sound outs it relativises the arrogant it does not absolutise the relative (Fletcher quoted from Vardy Puzzle of ethics p126). Meaning each irresponsible can be made relative to love but relativism cannot be utilise to a concrete situation as love acts otherwise in different situations, it depends on how its applied and this varies with each circumstance.3.Positivism- this is accepting to act in love by faith rather than by reason, once faith is decl atomic number 18d it is supported by logic. In situation ethics positing a belief in God as love or a higher good and then reasoning what is enquired in any situation to support that belief.4.Personalism- This is the desire to put people not laws first. It is always what is the best to help a person that makes a decision a good one. As God is meant to be personal therefore morality should also be person-centred.However It is the main framework of situation ethics that is outlined by the 6 fundamental principles. These are1. There is only one thing that is intrinsically good- love. Actions are good if they are fulfilling love by helping them but reversibly they are naughtiness if they hurt people. No single act in itself is right or amiss(p) it always depends on the situation the circumstance occurs in. discern always decides the actions that are good or bad.2. The ruling principle of Christian love is agape love. Agape love is self-giving love and this doesnt require anything in return. The overriding principle of decision-making is love.3. Love and rightness are the alike. In Fletchers words love and justice are the same thing, for justice is love distributed. (Fletcher quoted by William Bailay p73). He also claims that justice is love at work in the community in which human beings live. (Vardy, Puzzle of ethics p128).4. Thout shalt love thy neighbour as thyself (William Temple quoted by Vardy, puzzle of ethics p123). As the neighbour is a member of the human family therefore love wills the neighbours good. Love is practical and not selective. Christian love is said to be dictatorial so we should show love to ev eryone and that includes are enemies.5. Only the end dissolver justifies the means, love is the end- never a means to something else. Love can let off anything in situation ethics as longsighted as the end resoluteness satisfies love.6. Loves decisions are made in the circumstance of each situation and not prescriptively. Humans have a office of freedom. No one is bound by laws, so with this responsibility comes the flightiness to do the most loving thing and to apply this to every situation.Fletcher claims that it is a mistake to generalise. You cant say Is it ever right to lie to your family? The answer must be, I dont know, give me an mannikin. A concrete situation is needed, not a generalisation. It all depends whitethorn closely be the watchword of the government agencyist. (Puzzle of ethics, Vardy p.130)There are many moral dilemmas when tending(p) certain situations, and taking the situational view we are faced with the duty to do the most loving thing realizable, and to serve agape love. Taking an example from William Bailay, on a wilderness trial to Kentucky many people scattered their lives to Indians who hunted them down. In one look there was a charr who carried her child with her and her child was crying. The go bads crying was betraying the rest of the refugee camp as the cries were orchestrateing the Indians to them. The mother clung to her child and as a entrust the whole camp was found and they were all killed. In other case a Negro fair sex and her party found themselves in the same situation, their lives were in danger, as they too would be found out if the baby continued to cry.However the Negro woman strangled her child to halt its cries, and as a result the whole party escaped. How can we prove which action was love? The Mother who kept her baby and brought death all, or that of the mother who killed her own child to save the lives of her family and friends? This is a perfect example of the type of decisions that si tuation ethics confronts us with. In situation ethics there is no definite right or wrong, it has to be applied by each circumstance. Likewise there is no intrinsic value, no goodness or badness held purely in an action itself. Situation ethics says it all depends on the situation and whether or not it fulfils love. worthiness and badness are not properties of moral actions they are predicates.This demonstrates one of the find aspects and an advantage for situation ethics. Sometimes morality can be jolly restricted however in taking the situational approach there are no moral rules. If someone with morals can only abide to duty they cant go outside their own boundaries. This is the case in many orthodox religions. Whereas situation ethics maintains that there are no absolutes, you are allowed to go outside certain boundaries if in doing so you are providing the most loving result. Take the Islamic faith for example. Muslims follow the laws of the al-Quran one law is do not steel , which is an absolute. But say if there were a single mother living in the poorer regions of the country who had no money and was struggling to feed her starving children. Would it be right for the mother to let her children starve?Or would it be break away for the woman to go against the law and perhaps steel some food in order for them to survive? If the woman followed her religion seriously then it would not be morally right for her to steel and as a result her children lives would be at stake. This is the advantage of situation ethics, it says that words like never and absolute cant be used because their will always be exceptions. Another advantage of situation ethics is that people are always put first, it is a personal matter. People are made more great than principles. This goes against the legalistic approach. Where legalism put laws in first place conversely situation ethics makes people the main emphasis.Furthermore we often find that the outside world is constantly c hanging. As we live in the forward-looking day and age we are on a constant roster coaster of changing situation. As a result of this many religions find it extremely difficult to apply their laws to the modern-day world. Take the Torah being applied to the modern age or orthodox Jews attempts to conserve laws against modern relativism to be an example. Because situation ethics can change with time this gives it a huge advantage. Situation ethics also makes the important link between love and justice, which is another key aspect and this is shown as the third of the six fundamental principles. To Fletcher justice is love distributed and Justice is love working out its problems. (William Bailay p73)However there have also been many criticisms of Situation Ethics. When referring to the meaning of love, this is sometimes seen to be too general. As love has no definite meaning, it changes according to the situation, it becomes relative, and so it cannot be said that there is only on e moral absolute. As there are no specific guidelines for agape love it could be said that it is possible to justify any action. These are dangerous boundaries. The query What might happen if I allow euthanasia once? could be asked. It may be hard to know where to draw the line people all over the place might start killing their grandparents because they are too oldin the name of love Situation ethics sometimes relies on spontaneity, however spontaneity can sometimes be misguided. It may turn out to be irrational and foolish.The abandonment of rules may in turn reduce situation ethics to antinomianism. It may lead to a state of moral flux as rules play an important part in sociological maintenance. It is also been decided that there are certain examples of absolutes. Take rape, child abuse and genocide, these are all examples of absolutes that are wrong and under no circumstance would they be right. You would not be able to justify this with love. It is often quite hard to understa nd merely what is meant by the meaning of love. It can be hard to know what they most loving thing to do is. It is also hard to know what the most loving thing is in terms of the consequence. How can we predict all the consequences of an action? This can be shown by euthanasia. Say their was a man who had aids and had only a 5% accident of getting better again, he approached his friend and asked him if he would end his life for him. What happens if he got better?Even if there is only a very tiny chance there is still a chance. The man might suddenly make a recovery and go on to lead a long and prosperous life. How can we predict the consequences? It is also hard when attempting to share love out fairly in a particular situation. This can also be shown by this example of euthanasia it is hard to know what is the best for the person, friends and family. It might be best for the man but what might be best for him might not necessarily be the most loving thing for the family or their friends. It is also quite hard to view a situation from a totally unbiased perspective.There is a speculation that a decision could be made selfishly with or without realising it but as its in the name of love it is justifiable. This again makes the limit for love very hard to distinguish. It is also questionable as to whether it is possible for all members of society to judge each situations by its merits. A agglomerate of time and energy has to go into the decision this isnt always affable to everyone. How practical is situation ethics? Finally on what basis is it possible for the situationist to make moral decisions? What happens when there are no ultimate ethical principles? The situationist is making prejudiced decisions based potentially on personal whims. An example of a danger caused by this can be seen in the actions of Adolf Hitler and his situation towards the Jews in the Second World War.For those who felt that situation ethics went to off the beaten track(predicat e) in attempting to set itself free from any conception of law, there is an approach that combines both theories of natural law and of situation ethics. This approach is known as proportionalsim. Proportionalists hold the belief that there are particular situations where moral rules should be abided to unless there is a proportionate reason for not contending with them.This reason would be grounded in the situation itself. In this way the primary precepts of natural law could be accepted (e.g. killing, stealing, lying etc) as the ground rules unless there was a sufficient reason for not doing so. Proportionalists hold a clear note between moral and non-moral acts. For example proportionalists would say abortion is wrong, but it may be morally right in the circumstances of that situation. However irrelevant situationalists they say that love does not then make a wrong action right. Furthermore they still incur the same problems that situationalists face in trying to determine what bests serves love in a situation, and on making decisions by selfish means.

Trung Nguyen Caffee

In 1996 Trung Nguyen was a small business processing coffee in Ban Me Thuoc city. At that time, Vietnam had risen once again to be iodine of the leading coffee formrs in the world, but al nigh solely producing super C coffee (unroasted beans) that were sold on the commodity market. This resulted in no entertain over the final coffee quality or prices. The Highland section of Vietnam is one of the worlds top 10 best environments, combining the right altitudes, soils, essential drying conditions, and temperatures for producing the finest of gourmet coffees.Yet the region was not controlling its own destiny to produce these once sought-after coffees. The owners of Trung Nguyen saw that the upcoming for producing gourmet coffee and macrocosm reasonably independent of the world commodity markets was to once again assume the best possible growing and processing techniques to produce a world-class coffee, and carry it through all the way to the packaged product.After the revival o f this alien coffee, the company developed the first Vietnamese franchise of coffee houses and expand throughout Vietnam and then a number of other countries. Now the most established, respected and successful producer of branded coffee in Vietnam, Trung Nguyen seeks to forge its unique blends to the United States. The West Coast has limited selections of TN coffees available in Asian grocery stores, but most of the US has no informant of TN coffees until now.We are proud to be the first and only authorized internet shopping source of TN coffee in the US. Trung Nguyen has won numerous prizes and titles for the entrepreneurial achievement of the company, its enlightened business practices, and the excellence of its products. Trung Nguyen coffee growers engender been attest by EUREPGAP and Utz Kapeh for safe and sustainable coffee growing practice. Trung Nguyen coffees are enceinte on smaller farms and using traditional sun-drying methods and natural processing.Their cultivati on supports grow villages where growers work under contract futures with guaranteed pricing for their products. When you purchase Trung Nguyen coffees, you help keep heirloom species of coffee and the biodiversity they provide. This protects against the dangerous popularly-held opinion that any one coffee species should be grown in monoculture around the world. Not only does this 100% Arabica effect deny the wide and delicious range of flavors of other coffee varieties, it creates a potential ecological disaster.Advocates of 1-coffee only ignore the terrible consequences of past wordlwide Arabica blights that have threatened to change the nature of the coffee specify forever. Trung Nguyen coffees using Arabica, Robusta, Chari (Excelsa), Catimor, Liberica and other diverse varieties preserve the unique flavors and robust nature of the coffee plant and help to create bean blends that are unique and simply broader and bump in flavor than any single-source coffee can be. Its good f or the future of coffee and its growers its delicious in your cup. Enjoy

The Modern Marine NCO Today

Todays shipboard soldier NCO has changed over the years from the past Marine NCO. An NCO today takes the knowledge from their fourth-year NCOs that was passed down to them and service shape the Jr. Marine today. Having respect goes a long way with Marine NCOs scarcely how finish that be achieved if the NCO doesnt figure any themselves? A Marine NCO is identical a father figure in a way, teaches junior ocean what he/she needs to know in order to better themselves and break good decisions so that one day when he/she becomes and NCO they can explore back and be like my NCO when I was a troop taught me and show me what it takes to be a NCO.NCOs gain knowledge and wisdom from their seniors but also gain knowledge for their jourior marines and make themselves better. The NCO from the past was more somewhat odering and not listening to their marines which made the Marines under their charge hate their NCO as of to now and days the NCO takes time to listen to their Marines and pro perly take give care of their needs.As a Marine NCO, we have to set standards for others to emulate and seek to be the best and surpass their leaders. A Marine NCO is there for his/her Marines from the smallest little problem back in the rear to being on the fron lines and helping their Marine in a battle situation. A jounior Marine volition trust and respect his fellow NCO(s) if that Marine NCO takes time to understand them and help them in their situation.

Going After Cacciato

Waking up from the American Dream in sack after wards Cacciato (Tim OBrien) What passing-bells for these who die as cattle? Only the monstrous anger of the guns. Only the stuttering rifles rapid rattle Can patter out their headlong orisons. (from Anthem for Doomed Youth, Wilfred Owen) Sassoons epitaph All Soldiers atomic number 18 dreamers at the beginning of the bracing functions as a signpost signaling the shape the novel leave alone take. It does non merely deal with brutal horror, it is visual sense. existence and dream, fact and resource are interwoven.The choice of Siegfried Sassoon suggests the Great War, the English experience of state of war, which can be compared to the American Vietnam experience, for it had the resembling impact total disorientation and national accidental injury because of lost values. This novel then deals, in paper and structure, with the war experience, notwithstanding to a fault with the US societys influence on that war by dint of t he frequent soldier. The common grunt raised the question how to act properly in this horrible situation, in which he even did not know whether his strawman was mor entirelyy justified or not.Yet he concluded that, although he knew this war was just as insane as any separate war, he should not run away from his duty. He stayed in the war, because of his personal obligations to society. not out of headlism, merely merely because his people expected him to. In novels traffic with Vietnam we often see veterans coming back into the American society (like in Caputos Indian Country), barely here we are confronted with the country itself. The novel handout after Cacciato deals with the journey to genus Paris an American soldier fantasizes or so.It is November 1968 and Spec. Four capital of Minnesota Berlin is in his observation tower in Quang Ngai, Vietnam, by the South chinaware Sea, performing his tour of duty, which lasts 365 days for the common grunt, the foot soldier he is. He feels he has come to Nam in another way than soldiers had foregone to the Second World War and to Korea. His lieutenant, Lt Corson had been in Korea, and he was estimateing back to it with nostalgia In Korea, by God, the people liked us. Know what I think? They liked us. Respect, thats what it was. And it was a decent war ( The troubles this Nobody likes nobody. (p. 134) New were the cecity of war, the inertia, drugs were taking everywhere, the creation of the new word fragging, i. e. killing a superiour officeholder It all illustrated this war was supposed to be different from those wars in which capital of Minnesota Berlins ancestors had fought, with in their mind the American dream. However, Vietnam was not different at all. Soldiers who enthousiastically started their participation in Vietnam, were as quickly traumatized by the killings, as any other soldiers. A war like any other war.Stories that began and ended without transition. No developing drama or tension or di rection. No order. (p. 255) When capital of Minnesota realizes this, the main question for him is how to determine his own place in it. As he does not know an anwer, the possibility, or rather the necessity of ideate something else in the face of horror, is brought to Vietnam. He starts to think about Cacciato. This bloke fishes in the worlds Great Lake Country where everybody says there is no fish. He dutifully goes through all the motions and all of a sudden het gets out, and capital of Minnesota is intrigued.capital of Minnesotas squad is sent to go after Cacciato. They are following the unmarked portion and find him more and more almost a holy character, little defined as they go along. Finding him a friendly attractor almost, they follow him. From soldier among soldiers, he develops into a friendly symbolical contrive pointing the way. The seductiveness of Cacciato leads them on. He sheds his war implements. He is that annoying, different, seperate chap who bounces the ball, who nobody can draw and quarter and think of, who does not really exist, he has not even got a first nameCacciato, that just fulfills. Going after Cacciato means sledding after a dream, following that dream, just it can also mean going after to actually get that dream. time and time again there is this ambiguity of going on the endure after Cacciato, or following the Italian on desertion there is the choice between reality and dream for capital of Minnesota. Cacciato, who nobody has actually seen, has advance upon an idea which his indeterminance made possible, and it speaks to the imagination. capital of Minnesota goes after him, catches him, thus completing his mission, but lets Cacciato omit.Cacciato then leads them through the picturesque high country, through orderly Mandalay, universal Delhi, to a beheading in gruesome Tehran, all the way via capital of Greece to Paris the change of scenery symbolizes the hope Paul first feels, piecemeal turning into despair an d total confusion. His experiences on the way show Paul that he cannot actually leave the war behind. Cant get away from it, medical student mumbled. You try, you run like hell, but you just cant get away. Its the truth. (p. 178) Arrived in Paris and having hugged, outbursts of rain and thunder presage the forthcoming difficulties.Reality soon makes the squad go and hunt down Cacciato again. Oscar, the streetwise Detroit black, insists on the Real Politik of getting Cacciato to prevent their own skins from punishment for desertion. They make believe to arrest Cacciato and abandon their dream, because society expects them to do so. Oscars right, Doc said, and sighed. You cant get away with this shit. the realities always cath you. But maybe. No maybes. Reality doesnt work that way. (p. 275) Paul Berlin is not ready yet to stop Cacciato and lets him escape again. Choosing reality and turning his back on the dream are, however, close at hand.In the promotion scene Paul remember ed himself answering questions to a committee that frighten the living daylights out of him. Why do we fight the war? they asked him, but at the same time the committee told him the answer to win. really afraid, he repeated this and got the job. Paul then realizes society urges him to do as he is told, and not to think for himself, as society will do that for him. He has to conform and shut up. He knows this cannot be right, but on the other hand his fantasized run for Paris would have been an equally dysphoric experience to him in reality.For fantasy it had been all along. His dream of going after the freedom and peace Cacciato led him to, had all been a dream within a dream. The latter dream was dreamt in order to avoid having to lap the dilemma of staying in or running away from the war. He last woke up from that dream, for now he had found the answer he had to go through it trying to escape and fleeing from social obligations was not according to his background, his pers onality and his beliefs. I fear what might be thought of me by those I love. I fear the loss of their respect.I fear the loss of my own reputation. Reputation, as read in the eyes of my father and mother, the people in my hometown, my friends. I fear being an outcast. (p. 286) The novel is structured round three elements that are in accordance with the three different activities of Paul Berlins conscience reflection, imagination and memories he is wondering how people die in the war, he thinks about going to Paris and he stands on guard. The killings of war and their stories are told non-chronologically, as if they happen at this very moment.Paul Berlin tries to get things straight, tries to get a chronological list of the men killed. He needs order, indigences to keep it straight, but he has puzzles with this. The structure of the novel reflects the structure of any war it is confusing and without order, sometimes a mess and going in different directions. The hero solves this pr oblem by making up a story himself. It is a story in the third person, told as a reality, told almost as sight by an omniscient observer, who has no involvement but at the same time we know they are Paul Berlins imaginations.All of a sudden this char comes up in the he-country of Vietnam only in imagination a beautiful girl is possible there. By the end of the novel the reader knows that the squad never went after Cacciato any further than the hill, and that Paris only denoted the conjuring trick of seeking the out-of-the-way(prenominal) West. In reality they had always been in the Far East. The unlimited possiblities of the Imagination, as that of the United States and its American Dream as well, give out in the reality of the Vietnam War.Berlin, whose name points to the American commitment to saveguard freedom (by put up the airbridge to the city of Berlin under siege of the Soviets in 1948) finds himself in a situation in which the values, ideals and intentions of the Unite d States no longer have the peremptory meaning they seemed to have in previous wars. In Paris, the heart of western civilization, Paul Berlin lacked the courage to free himself, even in his dreams, and reality took over No question, it was all crazy from the start. None of the roads led to Paris. p. 203) He has to accept that he and his comrades would be the very deserters, who would flee from the original idea of the American Dream, that told them that the only way if you really wanted to overcome all problems is to keep on trying. Only Cacciato, who with his childish simplicity and innocence, with his optimism and his individual source embodies the mythical American loner, he frees himself from the society that tells him what to do. He is, however, lost, together with these values, in the Vietnam War.The American Dream had led young Americans into a place where they had no right to go. They were supposed to fight and defeat the Viet Cong to serve the American nation, but in thi s war, just like in any other, confusion and devastation were the real victors the war served no American purpose at all. The lesson Paul learned from the Vietnam War was far from significant Don never get mutable. There it is, said Eddie Lazzutti. Never. Don never get shot. (p. 254) He might have learned that back home in the US as well.So in Vietnam this trail West was a fake one. In Fort wile you could build good solid houses, in the wilds of Wisconsin you fraternized with your father who told you, back there, to look for positive things in the war. In Nam, however, there is only the squad, and all of a sudden this boom, like in Billy Boy Watkins story, the deterrent example of the grunt dying of fright. It is the ultimate war story, the story of Vietnam. So Paul starts dreaming his own dream, he rejects the American dream. He nevertheless does not reject reality.Like Arthur Dimmesdale in The Scarlet Letter by Nathanial Hawthorne, he does not want to give in to the code of so ciety, but does not want to be lured into the moral wilderness either. He wants to stay part of that society, although he knows its claims are based on air. it is this social power, the threat of social consequences, that stop me from making a full and complete break. (p. 286) However nasty the war may be, it is better to take part than to be isolated, so Paul Berlin ends his dream, in order to face reality. bibliography Going after Cacciato (Tim OBrien) Walking stage American Narratives of Vietnam (Thomas Myers)

A Worldview Definition Essay

A humansview is the counseling you interpret everything that happens around you and the rest of the world. Every whizz has somewhat sort of worldview whether it is conscious or subconscious. bulk seduce opposite worldviews and it can be affected by several different factors around them. A Biblical/Christian worldview is Its any ideology, philosophy, theology, movement or religion that provides an overarching approach to belowstanding theology, the world and mans relations to matinee idol and the world, quoted by David Noebel, author of Understanding the Times. at that place are five misgivings that help let off our beliefs in the Christian/Biblical worldview. The front is the header of Origin, which is how did bearing begin? In Genesis 11 and sing 13913-16 it tells us about the beginning and the undercoat for all of creation. The second is the unbelief of individuality. Identity asks the question, who are we? Genesis 127 and Jeremiah 15 are scriptures that expan d the question of Identity. Both tell us that we were made in Gods image and that out front we were created we were appointed a prophet to the nations.The trine question is the Question of Meaning/Purpose. This question is asking why we are here. Everyone is born(p) with a purpose for life. John 173 states we were put on realm so that we may come to hold up God. A nonher scripture is Galatians 513-14 which states we were called unto indecorousness by love to serve one another. The fourth question is the Question of Morality. The Question of Morality asks what is meant by right and defame or good and bad? Ephesians 29-10 states that following Jesus is the best mien to have righteous morals. When you follow Jesus, not men you dont have to worry about what is right or wrong, you know Acts 529 peckerwood and the Apostles say we must obey God rather than men. The last question is the Question of Destiny. The Question of Destiny asks is in that respect life later death.A script ure that everyone knows that refers to percentage is John 316, it says should not transcend but have everlasting life. The record book of disclosures talks a lot about Destiny, a scripture that goes along with that is Revelation 213-5. In those scriptures it tells about how there will be life after death and no more shout out or pain. The biblical worldview influences me to always do what Jesus would do and treat citizenry the way I would want to be treated. I have been raised under those sayings and I raise my kids under them also.

Critically evaluate Samuel Huntington’s claims

critically evaluate Samuel Huntingtons claims in The collide with of culturedizations? The abrupt end of the Cold contend meant that the bipolar model of thinking which had dominated the domain of a function of World Politics for decades became obsolete. This new sort conduct to a renewal in thinking in the study of solid ground(prenominal) Relations dubbed the hundred schools of thought which led to a wide spectrum of visions about the timid future of world affairs. One of the much prominent visions was the late Professor Samuel Huntingtons Clash of Civilizations? published in a 1993 ForeignAffairs article, where he predicted a growing pattern of ap storeyment based on differences in cultural, unearthly and historical identity of entities he label acculturations instead of the ideological differences of the Cold state of war Era. Huntingtons thesis was a Realist response to Fukuyamas 1992 book, The finish up of History and the Last Man. Fukuyama argued that the p ost-1991 world was go away with no vi adequate to(p) ideological utility(a) to lib date of referencel res publica and the free food market economy predicting a new era of global consensus on democracy, Justice, human rights and cooperation. The ground allow ontinue to be a commutation pole of identification, even if more than and more nations come to sh atomic number 18 common economical and semipolitical forms of organization. i Huntingtons premise was that The enceinte divisions among humankind and the dominating source of encounter will be cultural.Nation states will extend as the most powerful actors in world affairs but the nous bouts of global politics will return mingled with nations and groups of opposite subtletys. ii The moot record of Huntingtons thesis ensured the stern revue by some of his fellow academics for reasons ncluding oversimplification, neglecting contradicting factors and wrong predictions. The tragedy of 9/1 1 and the events that follo wed revived the confidence in his thesis by his supporters who saw this as the conformity of Huntingtons predictions notably the inconsolable clash in the midst of Islam and the west.Huntington begins by describing the historical evolution of the nature of betrothals in the horse opera World from the competitor surrounded by monarchs and emperors for territorial and mercantile intricacy leading to the emergence of nation states first with the French change, to the rise of ideological conflict after the Bolshevik Revolutioniii. His Eurocentric diagonal is expire early as he quotes and perpetuates an idea put forward in the first place by William Lind that these were originally Hesperian Civil Wars.Labelling World War II, the deadliest military conflict in recital which involved the volume of the worlds nations, as much(prenominal) greatly diminishes the exp matchlessntiation and sacrifices made by people across the world. Notably the Soviet Union which was chiefl y composed of nations Huntington would take as farewell of a Slavic-orthodox civilization sustained the highest issue forth of casualties totalling at around twenty- heptad millioniv.Later in the paragraph, Huntington writes peoples and governments of non-western civilizations no longer remain the objects of taradiddle as targets of Western colonialism but gather the West as movers of fib as if to suggest that events occurring in non-western parts of the world somehow do not establish as history if they dont involve or beat a felt force out upon Western society.Although the leadership of the West in fields such(prenominal) as science, technology and engineering for the larger part in recent centuries is indisputable Jewish philosophy, Hindi mathematics, Muslim astronomy and engineering contributed importantly to he engraftations of what we know today and this shouldnt be undermined. The sharing and borrowing of ideas between the different corners of the world through the millennias thats still leaving on today suggests a long cooperation instead of a clash of civilizations in our common pursuit of knowledge.According to Huntington a civilization is the highest cultural grouping of people and the broadest level of cultural identityv. He divides the worlds population into seven civilizations as well as hinting at the possibility of a Caribbean and an African ivilization Africa be thusly a continent cognize for its vast diversity of cultures and traditionsvi. He defines a civilization by what he calls aim elements such as language, history and primarily religion as well as by the subjective self-identification of people.Huntington argues the onset of globalization has led to increase levels of interaction between peoples of different civilizations, which in turn intensifies civilization consciousness and brings to the forefront their cultural differences which dissimilar ideological and political differences are unsounded and much less mutabl e nd hence less easily compromised. Its clear that people instinctively notice themselves nigh to opposites who share common traditions, customs and history I hold the belief even so that Huntington downplays the penetration of globalization and focuses on 1 aspect of its possible consequences.Its not the differences that aspire cultural conflict between peoples its the wishing of understanding which in turn creates prejudices and fears. The increased interactions between peoples subscribe to led to a wider acceptance of and fascination with other cultures, fortune us understand why strange societies live the way they do. Huntington argues Russians cannot bugger off Estonians and Azeris cannot become ArmenianVii. An Estonian living in Russia will absorb aspects of Russian culture depending on ones willingness, length of stay and the extent to which one feels alienated or accepted by Russian society.Thus the objective elements invoked are not convincingly definitive in fi nd out ones identity an Englishman may choose to transpose to Islam while a Chinese citizen in Shanghai may choose to construe French as a pastime. globalization in itself has penetrated the long-standing limitations in global handle of the past politicians constantly ncreasingly have to deem the global implications of domestic policy. More than ever national states around the world are dependent upon each other the unite States Demands Chinese goods while China of necessity the US to buy its goods.Huntington ascribes ideas such as constitutionalism, human rights, the rule of law, tree markets and democracy as Western unable to growth a tootnold in other civilizations. He writes Modern classless government originated in the West. When it has developed in non-western societies it has usually been the increase of the western colonialism or impositionViii. uggesting that somehow peoples of other civilizations may not be able to sustain or see the benefits of a form of democra tic governance.The people of India would point out that democratic government was organise in their sylvan despite, not because of the Westix. right away more than two- thirds of the worlds governments operate in some form of democracy, which reaffirms the idea that democracy is a universal value, contradicting Huntingtons view of its general Western exclusivity. If asked, most Middle-Easterners would prefer the idea of a democratic to authoritarian governancex the limitation of democratic evelopment in the region however is a product of the unstable and incompatible political landscape rather than the irreconcilability of the culture.Defining the religious aspects of the Western Civilization, Huntington Justifies the grouping of Protestant and Catholic Christians into a single entity by emphasizing overlap experiences in European history such as the Renaissance, the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution which in turn separates them from the Orthodox Christians beyond Cent ral Europexi. Although it is evident that the closer propinquity of those events has influenced Protestants and Catholics more than their Orthodox ounterparts, the closer similarity of Catholic and Orthodox practices and beliefs as contrasted to Protestants is however neglected.Huntington consistently appeals to religion as the primary source of cultural identity, justly so, to a Christian the creeds of their religion have a profound influence on their world view and thus how they would identify themselves. When speaking of the Islamic civilization however, Huntington doesnt take care to make the effort to differentiate between the major denominations of Shia, Sunni and Sufism which have so strongly influenced the historical and especially current political landscape of the Middle-East.In a passionate go about to warn his fellow Americans of the potential threats that their country may face in the post-Cold War environment, Huntington essentially perpetuated ideas that were dan gerous and self-fulfilling. The existence of a Confucian-Islamic connection that may threaten the West described by Huntingtonxii is yet to be empirically verified, as the Chinese and US economies remain inter-linked and Barrack Obama moves towards a policy of dialogue in the Middle-East. Given the history of US unconnected policy, legislators would have found Huntingtons paradigm easy to understand and expedient in terms of implementation.A worldview of distrust towards foreign powers that demands the maintaining of military superiority in the hit of security panders to the powerful military industrial complex in the US. In piece to maintain peace, global stability and have any hopes of dealing with transnational issues such as global warming, policy makers should regard all nations as members of the world fellowship and work closer with international organizations such as the UN and WTO in establishing universal laws. The hallucination and coercion of other governments will indeed create an atmosphere of antagonism and hostility.

Walt Whitman

I chose Walt Whitman for my biography report because Mr. Farlow state that if I wasnt going to take this twelvemonth seriously and pick a substantial poet I might as soundly not come to class whatevermore. Walt Whitman was an august child molester who was born in past Hong Kong. He is over 3,000 years mature and remembers the have-to doe withs of all the forgotten Gods. Walt Whitman is 90 stories tall, and his adventures are legendary. With his blue ox, Emily Dickenson, Walt Whitman traveled crossways young America and helped the nation greow into the crazy powerhouse it is to twenty-four hours.He dropped his decent axe, forming the gm Canyon the orchard apple tree cores he would swash from his mighty m forbiddenh planted apple treees all acoess the country and the stomp of his mighty boot caused the stock market to crash. He and his sensation, Huck Finn, traveled down the multiple sclerosis river and freed the slaves. Walt Whitman believed that the still good Chinaman was a dead Chinaman, so he went to Tiananmen unanimous and gave them all glaze. Except instead of arsedy he killed them.Walt Whitmans might seem like a real cool guy, besides in reality hes a whiny. His Livejournal, which he doesnt think anyone knows about is full of whiny goth poetry. His Current Mood is ever Apathetic and his music is always any(prenominal) obscure punk band that no one has ever heard of. whatever people who pretended to be his friend so they could get access to his friends only posts grabbed some of poetry and made a book from them, and called it Ode to Faggotry. When tehy found out different goth kids would actually read it, they changed the name to Leaves of Grass and it sold like gothcakes. Walt Whitman to this day doesnt know theyre selling his poems andmaking a destiny off him. They still dont invite him to any parties though, because no one likes him. Walt Whitman died a sole(a) man in Walt Disney Land. He was on the gondola ride, and he fell ou t because he wasnt fastened properly to the restraint. thank to his dumb, now none of us can ride it anymore. Thanks a throne Walt Whitman.